Ensuring “System Safety” is a key aspect in the design of advanced battery systems considered within GHOST. System Safety involves different domains and different disciplines. These domains and disciplines have to work together in order to collaboratively develop a safe product. To achieve and ensure the overall system safety, a multi-concern safety methodology was developed and applied during the GHOST Battery system design, to support the safety analysis of the Battery System, the evaluation of risks and definition of the safety measures for avoidance or mitigation, until the system safety validation.

The approach adopted is based on classical failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method, as well-established method in automotive industry, and extended to integrate the different safety domains.

The multi-concern methodology was additionally extended to achieve system safety also in different contexts and different system application environments (e.g. different vehicles application, or different use cases like 2nd life application).